Taxonomists Are Baffled By The Origins Of The Hamster


Hamsters are classified in the Order Rodentia. Further classification differs as the origins of the hamster is disputed by experts. Rodents are characterized by continuously growing incisors. There is a pair in both the top and bottom jaws. Continual gnawing stops the incisors from becoming too long. It is important that pet rodents have safe material on which to chew.

Hamsters are mammals in the subfamily Cricetinae. Approximately 25 species belong to the six or seven different genera in the group. The Syrian hamster or Mesocricetus auratus was not bred in captivity until 1939, a century after having been first described in scientific papers. Syrians are also called golden hamsters.

It is believed that all domesticated Syrian hamsters are descended from two siblings which were imported from Syria in 1930. When the golden hamster found its way to the USA many years later, they became very popular as pets. Many are also used as laboratory animals.

Chinese hamsters have an elongated face like a rat. Its genus is Cricetulus. They are quite delicate and very timid. The European is the nominate species of the same genus. Belonging to the genus Phodopus are the Russian or Campbell’s dwarf, the Siberian and the Roborovski. Other names for the Siberian are Winter White or striped hairy-footed.
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As wild hamsters are most active around early morning and again at dusk, they are said to be crepuscular. They hide from predators during the day in burrows which they have dug out of the soil. They live mostly on vegetable matter plus fruit, seeds and an occasional insect. Hamsters are near-sighted and color blind. However, they have acute hearing. Scent-marking is important to them as it enables them to find their way back to their burrows.

In the wild, hamsters may hibernate. The metabolic rate reduces to about five percent, creating a marked reduction in the need for food. Periods of torpor may be experienced instead of hibernation during which physiological systems slow down for short periods of time. The origins of the hamster are not clear and this has led to taxonomists disagreeing about its classification.

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