Macular degeneration is a common disorder of the eyes which causes central loss of vision. The central vision is what you see whenever you are looking straight ahead. The peripheral vision is what you are seeing on the sides when you are looking straight ahead. Macular degeneration never causes total blindness since it does not affect peripheral vision. When it comes to macular degeneration Washington DC residents need to be well-versed with it.

There are two major forms of the disease. The first is the dry type which is more common and affects about 85 percent of people suffering from the condition. It is caused by yellow deposits that are formed below the macular. After some time, the deposits will lead to damage of the retina and loss of vision. The second type is wet macular degeneration which affects approximately 15 percent of people suffering from the disease. Such people will usually see dark spots at the center of their vision which is brought about by bleeding of different vessels.

The condition tends to progress over a period of time, and gets worse. During the early stages, one might not notice any problems with their vision. Also, if both of the eyes are affected, you might not notice any change in your vision as the disease advances. Symptoms include difficulty in adapting to bright light, reduced central vision, blurred vision and trouble when it comes to recognizing faces.

The cause of the disease in some people is not really known. There are however factors that are known to increase risk of developing it. The risks include being over 65 years, being Caucasian, smoking, being overweight and having cardiovascular disease. In order to know whether you have the disease, you should have annual eye examinations even when you feel your vision is normal. When you see your doctor, you should tell them any vision changes you are experiencing.

There are various tests which need to be conducted to know whether one has the disease. For example, the doctor may use special type of eye drops to dilate eyes. After that is done, there is checking of back of the eyes for signs of blood, yellow deposits and fluids. At the same time, you will be asked to look at a grid so that your central vision is checked.
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At the moment, there is no known cure for macular degeneration. The doctor can only recommend ways slowing it down. In case you are suffering from dry macular degeneration, you need to closely work with a specialist in low vision. They will take you through the different ways you can cope with loss of vision. When other methods fail, the doctor might suggest surgery. In that case, there is implanting of telescopic lens on eyes. That helps in magnifying your field of vision.

For the wet type, you would also need to work with a specialist. The doctor might also administer medication directly into the eyes so that growth of new blood vessels is stopped. The treatment might take weeks before a difference is seen.

There are a number of ways to minimize risk of suffering from the disease. For those who smoke, it will be advisable to stop. You will also be advised to get plenty of exercises and eat healthy. It is always important to have diagnosis done early.

You can find details about the benefits you get when you consult a macular degeneration Washington DC specialist at http://www.bethesdaretina.com/services today.