A catastrophic injury or illness usually occurs suddenly and without warning. Injuries may be considered catastrophic when they disrupt a person’s life and livelihood, or ability to earn a living. Management of catastrophic injuries is complex and may require the expertise of a team of health care professionals as the injured person moves from hospital to rehabilitation, and return to home and community.
The financial fallout from a catastrophic injury makes essential the careful valuation of the claim by an experienced personal injury attorney working with economic and vocational specialists, life care planning specialists, and specialists in rehabilitation medicine.
The only goal of a truly good catastrophic injury attorney is to restore the client back to the previous state–to indemnify them.
Paralysis is a major type of catastrophic injury.
Definition: “Complete loss of strength to an affected limb or muscle group.”
Normal muscle function requires unbroken nerve connection from the brain to a particular muscle. Damage at any point along this path reduces the brain’s ability to move a muscle and may cause muscle weakness. Complete loss of the nerve prevents movement and is called paralysis.
Weakness may sometimes lead to paralysis. Other times, strength may be restored to a paralyzed limb.
Though a single muscle region can be affected by paralysis it is all more common for a body region to take on paralysis.
Quadriplegia: where the arms, legs and chest are paralyzed;
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Paraplegia occurs when both legs but not the arms are paralyzed, sometime affecting the chest also.
Hemiplegia: where one side of the body is paralyzed.
Spinal cord or brain damage and the leading cause of most paralysis cases.
Damage to the brain may come from a stroke, tumor, certain diseases and a fall or blow to the head. – Damage to the spinal cord is most often caused by trauma, such as a fall or car accident. There may be other causes, such as a herniated disc or various diseases or conditions. The type of paralysis may give important clues to its origin. Paraplegia, or paralysis of the legs, occurs after damage to the lower spinal cord, and quadriplegia occurs after injury to the upper spinal cord, at the shoulders or higher. Spinal cord damage too high on the neck will affect the nerves serving the lungs and heart paralyzing the muscles that circulate blood and cause breathing, resulting in death.
Paralysis is not always treatable but often times it is through a long process called rehabilitation. Rehabilitation can include physical therapy, occupational therapy, respiratory therapy, and vocational rehab.
Legally, there are many consequences to a paralysis injury. An injury attorney that consults with doctors, specialists, and experts to determine causes will always be necessary. The job of an injury attorney is to indemnify a client, meaning either fixing the problem by getting medical help for the client or compensation for the injury.
Where the paralysis affects the injured person’s ability to earn a living, there may also be coordination with Medicare, Medicaid, private health and disability insurance, and other alternative sources of income or payment for medical care.